R language modification axis

tags: R

When using R language for drawing, modify the coordinate axis mainly by adjusting the parameters in the plot function, axis function and title function.

plot function

plot(x,y, ...)
axis(side, at = NULL, labels = TRUE, tick = TRUE, line = NA,
     pos = NA, outer = FALSE, font = NA, lty = "solid",
     lwd = 1, lwd.ticks = lwd, col = NULL,col.ticks = NULL,
     hadj = NA, padj = NA, ...)
title(main= NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL,
      line = NA, outer = FALSE, ...)

Among the personalized coordinate axes, the parameters to be adjusted usually include ann, bty, xaxt, yaxt, xaxs and yaxs:

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	ann	When FALSE is taken, the title (including main, subtitle and axis title) will not be drawn.
2	bty	Set the border form. The default value is "o", which means that all four borders are drawn. The remaining optional values include "l" (bottom left), "7" (top right), "c" (top left), "u" (bottom left), "]" (top right), and "n" (none, That is, no border is drawn). In many personalized drawings, bty is set to "n", and later border lines are added by other functions (such as axis).
3	xaxs/yaxs	Set the range of the x-axis and y-axis. The default value is "r", which means that the coordinate axis is larger than the given drawing range and larger than the range given by the parameters xlim and ylim. When the value is "i", it means that the coordinate axis range is completely the same as the given drawing range. Other values include "s", "e", "d", etc.
4	xaxt/yaxt	When "n" is selected, the coordinate axis, scale line and scale value will not be drawn.

To $y=x^3$ Drawing as an example:

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
plot(x, y)   # Not processed
plot(x, y,  xaxs = "i", yaxs ="i")   # Drawing border is not blank
plot(x, y, bty = 'l')   # Keep only the left and bottom borders
plot(x, y, ann = F, bty = "n", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")   # Remove the frame and coordinate axis

axis function

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	side	Represents the coordinate axis to be operated, and the values 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent down, left, up, and right, respectively.
2	at	Indicates the position of the tick mark and the scale value.
3	labels	Indicates the scale value.
4	las	Indicates the text direction of the coordinate scale value. A value of 0 indicates that the text direction is parallel to the coordinate axis, 1 indicates that it is always horizontal, 2 indicates that it is perpendicular to the coordinate axis, and 3 indicates that it is ultimately vertical.

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(1, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
#The text direction is not set
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4))
#Text direction horizontal
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, las = 1)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4), las = 1)

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	cex.axis	The font size indicating the scale value of the coordinate axis.
2	font.axis	A font indicating the scale value of the coordinate axis, font = 1 for normal, 2 for bold, 3 for italics, and 4 for black italics.

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
#The font size is not set
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4)
#cex.axis = 2
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4:4, -4:4, cex.axis = 2)
#font.axis = 2
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, font.axis = 2)
#font.axis = 3
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4 : 4, -4 : 4, font.axis = 3)

colour

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	col	Represents the color of the graph, used in the axis function to represent the color of the coordinate axis and coordinate scale line.
2	col.axis	The color indicating the scale value of the coordinate axis.
3	col.ticks	Represents the color of the axis tick marks.

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
#Color not set
plot(x, y, ann = F, bty = "n", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4 : 4, -4 : 4)
#col = 2
plot(x, y, ann = F, bty = "n", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4 : 4, -4 : 4, col = 2)
#col.axis = 2
plot(x, y, ann = F, bty = "n", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4 : 4, -4 : 4, col.axis = 2)
#col.ticks = 2
plot(x, y, ann = F, bty = "n", xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1,-4 : 4, -4 : 4, col.ticks = 2)

position

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	line	Represents the distance between the coordinate axis position and the image frame. When a negative number is taken, it will be drawn within the image frame.
2	mgp	The default value is c(3, 1, 0), and the three numbers represent the axis title, scale value, and the distance between the axis and the drawing border.
3	tcl	The default value is -0.5, the value indicates the length of the scale, the negative value indicates that the scale is facing outward, and the positive value is facing in.
4	pos	Represents the location of the axis.
5	line.outer	When the value is TRUE, the coordinate axis will be drawn at the edge of the canvas.
6	hadj	Refers to the distance to adjust the scale value along the direction of the parallel coordinate axis.
7	padj	Refers to the distance to adjust the scale value along the direction of the vertical coordinate axis.

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
# The position of the scale value is not set
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4)
# Use line to adjust the scale value position
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, line = 2)
# Use mgp to adjust the scale value position
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, mgp = c(3, 2, 0)) 
# Use padj to adjust the scale value position
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4:4, padj = 1)

title

Usage of title function

Serial number	parameter	operating
1	main	Main title
2	sub	subtitle
3	xlab	x-axis title
4	ylab	y-axis title
5	cex.lab	The font size of the axis title
6	font.lab	Font for axis title
7	col.lab	The color of the axis title
8	Other parameters	Same usage as in axis

x <- seq(-4, 4, 0.01)
y <- x ^ 3
par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = c(4, 4, 1, 1))
#Untitled
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4))
#Use title to set the title
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, las = 1)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4), las = 1)
title(xlab= 'x', ylab = 'y')
#Use line to adjust the position
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, las = 1)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4), las = 1)
title(xlab= 'x', ylab = 'y', line = 2)
#Adjust the color font size
plot(x, y, ann = F, xaxt = "n", yaxt = "n")  
axis(1, -4 : 4, -4 : 4, las = 1)
axis(2, seq(-64, 64, 4), seq(-64, 64, 4), las = 1)
title(xlab= 'x', ylab = 'y', col.lab = 2, font.lab = 4, cex.lab = 2)

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