Summary of YUV420 (YU12, YV12, NV12 and NV21)
tags: audio and video YUV420 NV12 ffmpeg
The YUV model defines a color space based on one brightness (Y component) and two chromaticities (UV components). The most common format is YUV420, which is divided into two types: YUV420P and YUV420SP.
YUV420P
YUV420P is the plane plane mode, and the Y, U, and V components are in different planes, that is, the data is stored in 3 arrays in ffmpeg.
It can be subdivided into YU12 and YV12.
YU12
The data distribution of this format is shown in the figure below. Y data is stored in data[0], U data is stored in data[1], and V data is stored in data[2].
Among them, Y, U, and V with the same color are a set of data, such as Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 share a set of U1 and V1.
YV12
The data distribution of this format is shown in the figure below. Y data is stored in data[0], V data is stored in data[1], and U data is stored in data[2].
YUV420SP
YUV420SP is a semi-planar mode, that is, Y and UV are divided into two planes, but UV (CbCr) is interleaved instead of divided into three planes. That is, data is stored in 2 arrays in ffmpeg.
It can be subdivided into NV12 and NV21.
NV12
The data distribution of this format is shown in the figure below. Y data is stored in data[0], and U and V data are stored in data[1].
NV21
The data distribution of this format is shown in the figure below. Y data is stored in data[0], and U and V data are stored in data[1].
real data storage
When actually storing data, in order to facilitate calculation, the data is often aligned, so the real data is stored as shown in the figure below.
Take YU12 as an example, other formats are similar.
references:
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